What is phonics? Phonics is knowing that sounds and letters have a relationship. In other words, it is the link between what we say and what we can read and write. Phonics offers beginning readers the strategies they need to sound out words. For example, kids learn that the letter D has the sound of "d" as in "doll. Why is phonics important? In order for preschoolers to understand what they read, they must be able to do it quickly and automatically, without stumbling over words.
Phonics learning step 1: decoding Children are taught letter sounds in Reception. This involves thinking about what sound a word starts with, saying the sound out loud and then recognising how that sound is represented by a letter. The aim is for children to be able to see a letter and then say the sound it represents out loud.
This is called decoding. Some phonics programmes start children off by learning the letters s, a, t, n, i, p first. This is because once they know each of those letter sounds, they can then be arranged into a variety of different words for example: sat, tip, pin, nip, tan, tin, sip, etc. While children are learning to say the sounds of letters out loud, they will also begin to learn to write these letters encoding.
They will be taught where they need to start with each letter and how the letters need to be formed in relation to each other. Letters or groups of letters that represent phonemes are called graphemes. Phonics learning step 2: blending Children then need to go from saying the individual sounds of each letter, to being able to blend the sounds and say the whole word.
This can be a big step for many children and takes time. Phonics learning step 3: decoding CVC words Children will focus on decoding reading three-letter words arranged consonant, vowel, consonant CVC words for some time.
They will learn other letter sounds, such as the consonants g, b, d, h and the remaining vowels e, o, u. Often, they will be given letter cards to put together to make CVC words which they will be asked to say out loud. As your child enters elementary school, you should start thinking a little more carefully about your language use.
When reading to your child — and getting them to first experiment with writing letter shapes — you should borrow this approach to reinforce what they learn at school. Similarly, as your child develops a more conscious understanding of the world around them, you should talk and read to them about topics that they find most interesting. At this stage, you may also want to task them with writing short paragraphs related to their day-to-day life.
This will help to keep reading and writing as relevant and as fun as possible. Try to always complement their in-school education, and remember to keep literacy tasks as enthusiastic and joyful as you can. If you reference any of the content on this page on your own website, please use the code below to cite this page as the original source. KidsKonnect is a growing library of high-quality, printable worksheets for teachers and homeschoolers.
Skip to primary navigation Skip to main content Skip to footer. What is phonics and how do you teach it to your child? As you read, though, you are likely to come across a few challenges along the way. What are the common challenges of teaching phonics, and how do you overcome them? The English language can be pretty complicated, especially for a child who is new to literacy.
For example, not every letter has the same sound every time it is used. Firstly, it is definitely worth investing in as many phonics resources as you can. Newsletter Sign up to be notified when we release new articles and worksheets!
Thank you! You have successfully joined our subscriber list. Partner reading is a great way to practice listening skills, as well as reading. Organize students into pairs and provide them each with a copy of the same text. One partner reads the text while the other follows closely with their own copy. The listening partner helps the reader decode difficult words when they have trouble.
This usually works best when partners are of a similar ability. You can further differentiate here by choosing different texts to suit the abilities of each pair. Shared writing is an effective means of introducing independent writing activities.
For beginning students, it may take the form of simply spelling a basic CVC word together. For example, to work on the spelling of the word cat , you could draw three cradles on the whiteboard and saying each sound, in turn, challenge the students to come up and write the corresponding letter in the cradle until they have written the word C — a — t. As we can see, the teaching of phonics is an extremely efficient and effective means of teaching our children to read and, ultimately, write.
It works on training students to be able to hear the various sounds of English, identify these sounds, and link these sounds to the symbols we call letters.
Content for this page has been written by Shane Mac Donnchaidh. A former principal of an international school and university English lecturer with 15 years of teaching and administration experience.
Editing and support for this article have been provided by the literacyideas team. Skip to content. PHOnics is a research-based solution to improving reading. It is a skill of such singular importance that it plays a role in most aspects of everyday classroom learning. No matter whether you walk into a classroom in Asia, North America or Europe you will almost certainly see teachers and students building their understanding of the world through a dedicated daily reading session packed full of great reading activities.
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